On October 3, 2018, the International Court of Justice issued [3] its provisional measures in Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America), ordering the United States to ease some of its sanctions against Iran. The case concerns [4] Iran’s case against the United States for violating the Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights concluded between the two states in 1955 when the United States stated that it would reimpos sanctions against Iran after leaving the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. The Court determined that the “measures which were complained of by Iran are indeed prima facie capable of falling within the material scope of the 1955 Treaty,” and “are sufficient at this stage to establish that the dispute between the Parties relates to the interpretation or application of the Treaty of Amity.” The Court ordered the United States to remove restrictions and sanctions on Iran concerning “(i) medicines and medical devices; (ii) foodstuffs and agricultural commodities; and (iii) spare parts, equipment and associated services (including warranty, maintenance, repair services and inspections) necessary for the safety of civil aviation.”