On April 25, 2014, the Marshall Islands filed applications [3] (UK-related application only) that accuse nine States (China, North Korea, France, India, Israel, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) of, according to the press release [4], “fail[ing] to fulfil their obligations with respect to the cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament.”  In its applications, the Marshall Islands invokes, inter alia, Article VI of the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons [5] (NPT), which provides that: “Each of the Parties to the Treaty undertakes to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control.”  Of the nine States, India, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom have recognized the compulsory jurisdiction of the Court.  China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and United States are States Parties to the NPT.