On November 24, 2013, Iran signed a Joint Plan of Action [3] with six nations in Geneva’s Palace of Nations that brings a freeze to Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for temporary relief on various economic sanctions. The six nations, known as PS5+1 (or E3+3), are: China, France, Germany, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States.  The Preamble of the Joint Plan of Action states: “the goal for these negotiations is to reach a mutually-agreed long-term comprehensive solution that would ensure Iran’s nuclear program will be exclusively peaceful.” The deal is subject to renewal in six months and calls on both sides to make significant concessions. For example, Iran agreed not to enrich uranium over five percent for six months and to allow for International Atomic Energy Agency monitoring, and the PS5+1 agreed to suspend U.S. and EU sanctions on Iran’s petrochemical exports, gold, and precious metals and sanctions on associated services, and that there would be no new nuclear-related sanctions from the UN Security Council, the EU, or the United States.  The Joint Plan of Action also calls for a “final step of a comprehensive solution,” to be agreed upon by the parties and implemented no more than one year after the adoption of the Joint Plan of Action.