On March 30, 2021, the International Criminal Court (ICC) Appeals Chamber upheld the conviction and sentencing of Bosco Ntaganda. Ntaganda was convicted on July 8, 2019, of 18 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity for actions carried out in 2002-03 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (covered in ILIB). He was then sentence to 30 years' imprisonment, the longest sentence term to be imposed by the ICC (also covered in ILIB). The Appeals Chamber rejected all of Ntaganda's arguments, including that his right to a fair trial had been violated, that the Trial Chamber "exceeded the facts," and that he did not meet the requisite thresholds for knowledge and intent with regard to "rape and sexual enslavement" of children under 15, as well as conscription of children under 15. Specifically in relation to the sentence imposed, the Trial Chamber rejected attempts to mitigate the circumstances through a showing of Ntaganda's own suffering as a result of his experience during the Rwandan genocide, which the Appeals Chamber felt did not diminish his guilt. Separate opinions were filed by four judges, as well as a partly concurring opinion filed by Judge Chile Eboe-Osuji. A summary of the judgments as read in Court is also available.