The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) adopted Resolution 645 regarding the obligations of African states in the context of the externalisation of migration governance and the extra-regional transfer of migrants to Africa. This resolution intervenes in a context of increasing pressure exercised by third states to relocate the management of migration flows towards the African continent. It also follows a growing international recognition that migration management cannot subtract itself from fundamental human rights obligations, which requires cooperation and...
International Law in Brief
International Law in Brief (ILIB) is a forum that provides updates on current developments in international law from the editors of ASIL's International Legal Materials.
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On November 12, 2025, the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council elected Ms Phoebe Okowa as a Member of the International Court of Justice (ICJ), with immediate effect. Ms Okowa is of Kenyan nationality and succeeds Judge Abdulqawi A. Yusuf, who resigned from the Court effective September 30, 2025. Pursuant to Article 15 of the ICJ Statute, Ms Okowa will serve for the remainder of Judge Yusuf’s term, which is set to expire on February 5, 2027.
The election followed multiple rounds of concurrent but independent voting in...
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On December 15, 2025, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (ICC), by majority, confirmed Pre-Trial Chamber I’s decision rejecting Israel’s request for an order requiring the Prosecutor to issue a new notification under Article 18(1) of the Rome Statute in the Situation in the State of Palestine.
The appeal was submitted by Israel, as a challenge to the Prosecutor’s ongoing investigation. Israel argued that the events following October 7, 2023, together with referrals submitted by seven state parties in 2023 and...
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On December 9, 2025, Trial Chamber I of the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued a sentencing judgment in Prosecutor v. Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman (“Ali Kushayb”). The sentencing judgment followed Abd-Al-Rahman’s conviction on October 6, 2025, on 27 counts of crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Darfur, Sudan, between August 2003 and April 2004.
The Chamber imposed a sentence of 20 years of imprisonment. Pursuant to Article 78(2) of the Rome Statute, the period of Abd-Al-Rahman’s detention since June 9, 2020,...
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On October 31, 2025, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 2797, extending the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until October 31, 2026. The resolution was adopted by 11 votes in favour, with abstentions from China, the Russian Federation, and Pakistan.
The resolution, drafted by the United States, reiterates full support for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his Personal Envoy, Staffan de Mistura, to advance negotiations among the parties (Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO,...
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On December 11, 2025, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) delivered its judgment in Tsaava and Others v. Georgia, concerning the dispersal of a large-scale demonstration that took place outside the Georgian Parliament on June 20-21, 2019. The applicants, who included the demonstrators and journalists, alleged that law enforcement authorities used excessive force through the use of kinetic impact projectiles and that the subsequent investigations were ineffective. The case concerned Article 3 (prohibition...
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On December 16, 2025, the European Union (EU) and thirty-four states signed the “Convention establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine.” The Convention establishes the International Claims Commission as an independent administrative body within the institutional framework of the Council of Europe. The Commission possesses international legal personality and is mandated to review, assess, and decide claims for compensation arising from damage caused by internationally wrongful acts committed by the Russian Federation in or...
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The International Criminal Court (ICC) has confirmed the transfer of Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri, a Libyan war crimes suspect, from Germany to its custody in The Hague, marking a significant development in efforts to hold perpetrators of atrocities in Libya accountable.
El Hishri is alleged to have been a senior official at Mitiga Prison in Libya, where thousands of people were detained for extended periods. The Office of the Prosecutor say he committed, ordered, or oversaw crimes against humanity and war crimes between February...
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The UN Human Rights Council (HRC) adopted a resolution directing an independent fact-finding mission to investigate reports of human rights violations including mass killings in El Fasher, North Darfur. The Council’s held its 38th special session to address the concerns over crimes against humanity and the potential risk of genocide in Sudan.
In its resolution (A/HRC/S-38/L.1), the Council condemned RSF and allied forces for killings, torture, executions, and widespread sexual and gender-based violence. UN experts reported...
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On November 6, 2025, Pre-Trial Chamber III of the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued a decision confirming 39 charges brought by the Office of the Prosecutor against Joseph Kony, founder and leader of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) in Uganda.
The Chamber found substantial grounds to believe that Kony is responsible for crimes against humanity and war crimes allegedly committed between at least July 1, 2002, and December 31, 2005, in northern Uganda. It determined the existence of a non-international armed conflict during the...