On December 1, 2015, the European Court of Human Rights (Court) ruled (judgment only available in French) in Cengiz and Others v. Turkey that blocking users’ access to YouTube without a legal basis violated Article 10 (freedom of expression) of the European Convention on Human Rights (Convention). According to the press release, a Turkish criminal court had blocked access to YouTube, citing a “[l]aw regulating Internet publications and combating Internet offences” and finding that the website contained ten videos that fell under the legislation as they were “insulting to the memory of Atatürk.” Three law professors applied to have the block removed, arguing that “this restriction interfered with their right to freedom to receive or impart information and ideas” and their academic activities, as well as arguing that access to YouTube was in the public interest. The Court found that they used YouTube “for professional purposes, particularly downloading or accessing videos used in their academic work.” The Court further noted that YouTube was a “single platform,” which gives access to specific information of mostly political and social nature and thus “permitted the emergence of citizen journalism which could impart political information not conveyed by traditional media.” Therefore, the Court decided that “YouTube had been an important means by which [the professors] could exercise their right to receive and impart information or ideas” and concluded that the blocking order was an interference by a public authority with rights guaranteed under Article 10 of the Convention.