On March 11, 2016 representatives of the European Union and the government of Cuba signed a Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement to normalize relations. According to a joint declaration by the EU and Cuba, the agreement “includes fundamental components such as political dialogue, cooperation, and dialogue on sectorial policies, as well as trade and cooperation in trade matters.” The accord establishes a framework by which the parties will set parameters for aid and commerce. Attending the signing ceremony, EU High Secretary for Foreign Affairs Federica Mogherini stated, “The deal marks a new phase in bilateral relations, a historical demonstration of mutual trust and understanding.” The agreement has been in negotiation for two years and must be ratified by the twenty-eight EU member states before it takes effect. The EU had previously suspended economic ties with Cuba in 2003, following actions by the Cuban government against anti-government activists.