On November 4, 2016, the Paris Agreement on climate change entered into force.  The official summary states that the goal of the Agreement is “to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping a global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius.” According to commentators, “the Paris Agreement is potentially pivotal, because it completes the paradigm shift from the bifurcated world of the Kyoto Protocol, which rigidly distinguished between “Annex I” and “non-Annex I” countries, to the common global framework.” The entry into force comes just weeks after a separate push to address climate change through modifying the Montreal Protocol.