On June 2, 2021, the Intern-American Court of Human Rights was referred a case from the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights concerning Fabio Gadea Mantilla, a former candidate in the 2011 Nicaraguan presidential race. According to a press release from the OAS, it was contested that the country possessed the primary responsibility of securing and upholding Gadea Mantilla’s right to become an electoral candidate, which it failed to accomplish. This is in reference to his past participation in 2011, where he was listed as a prime candidate for the presidency. In March of 2011, the...
International Law in Brief
International Law in Brief (ILIB) is a forum that provides updates on current developments in international law from the editors of ASIL's International Legal Materials.
The European Union (EU) Commission has adopted a proposal for the EU's accession to the 2019 Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters (the 2019 Hague Judgment Convention). Though there is a framework for the recognition and enforcement of judgments from EU member states, EU citizens can have difficulties having judgments obtained in the EU enforced outside of the EU. The 2019 Hague Judgment Convention would, in the words of Commissioner for Justice Didier Reynders, "improve legal certainty and save citizens and companies time and...
On July 13, 2021, a Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) unanimously found a violation of the Article 8 right to respect for private and family life by Russia and its refusal to permit a same-sex couple from having their relationship formally acknowledged. The case of Fedotova v. Russia concerned three same-sex couples in Russia whose notices of intent to marry were rejected by local registry offices. The three couples unsuccessfully challenged the refusals in domestic courts and then brought the case to the ECtHR alleging violations of Article 8 as well as...
On July 2, 2021, the U.S. announced that it was imposing additional sanctions on the Myanmar military regime. A statement by Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken issued on that same date indicated that the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Assets Control designated 22 people under Executive Order 14014. The statement also noted that the Department of Commerce added Wanbao Mining Ltd., two of its subsidiaries, and King Royal Technologies to its entities list because of their "revenue and/or other support to the Burmese military." Secretary Blinken stated, "[t]oday's measures...
A group of legal experts, in a collaborative effort to confront environmental destruction, have proposed an amendment to the ICC Rome Statute that would add the crime of ‘ecocide’ to the Court’s jurisdiction. The proposal defines ‘ecocide’ as “unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts.” As reported by JURIST, the legal experts believe that the policies and precedents that are currently in place to address similar issues are “inadequate.” While the...
On June 17, 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its judgment in Nestle USA Inc. v. Doe, a case involving six individuals from Mali who alleged that they were trafficked into Ivory Coast as children to produce cocoa. They sued Nestle USA Inc. and Cargill Inc. under the Alien Tort Statute (ATS) arguing that Nestle’s and Cargill’s purchase of cocoa from farms located in Ivory Coast, and their financial and technical support to those farms, amounted to aiding and abetting child slavery. The District Court dismissed the suit because the activities at issue took place overseas. The...
On April 30, 2021, the New York Supreme Court issued its judgment in Shanghai Yongrun Investment Management Co. Ltd. v. Kashi Galaxy Venture Capital Co. Ltd. & Xu, denying enforcement of a judgment from a Chinese court on the basis that the Chinese judgment “was rendered under a system which does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with the requirements of due process of law.” The judgment stands in contrast to U.S. and foreign court practice regarding the quality of the Chinese legal system in the context of the recognition of judgments. The original...
On June 8, 2021, the Appeals Chamber of the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT) delivered its judgment on appeal in Prosecutor v. Ratko Mladić. Mladić and the Prosecutor appealed the 2017 judgment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). According to a press release from the Tribunal, Mr. Mladić was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity, and for violating the laws of war, and was sentenced to life imprisonment. The Trial Chamber based its decision, inter alia, on its determination that Mladić played a “leading...
On May 25, 2021, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights issued its judgment in Big Brother Watch and Others v. The United Kingdom. In 2013, 2014, and 2015, a number of civil liberties organizations lodged complaints with the Court after Edward Snowden revealed intelligence surveillance and sharing programs operated by the U.S. and the UK. The applicants believed that because of the nature of the programs, some of their communications and/or communications data were likely to have been intercepted by UK and/or U.S. intelligence agencies. They argued that the...
On May 24, 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its judgment in Guam v. United States, holding that “a case against the US for causing toxic waste pollution in Guam may proceed.” According to JURIST, the case involves toxic waste dumping at a site known as Ordot Dump, which, Guam argued, is the responsibility of the U.S. This site was constructed in the 1940s for the purpose of military waste disposal, but it appears that over the years, harmful chemical toxins, such as Agent Orange and DDT, were dispersed and leaked into regional water channels and the Pacific. Guam argued that...