The illegal buying and selling of cultural property and the commercialisation of the past are hardly recent issues. To tackle this problem, various international, regional, and local groups, along with both public and private organisations, have put in place different rules and measures which has resulted in a complex web of guidelines aimed at controlling the trade. However, very few legal experts have delved into this intricate system that spans across public laws (which govern the actions of governments and international bodies) and private laws (which govern individual actions). Our conference will bring together academics from all over the world who specialise in both public and private law, along with stakeholders committed to fighting trafficking. We will focus on the restructuring of these rules and standards, with the goal of improving how public and private laws intersect to enhance the overall regulatory framework.