International Organizations and Governance

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Originally limited almost exclusively to state-to-state interactions, international law has expanded to include more actors, especially international organizations. These entities, such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the International Labour Organization, International Criminal Court, and regional bodies such as the African Union, the European Union, and the Organization of American States, exercise a significant role in the international community, especially in relation to the creation of international law. The precise role that these organizations can and should play in their interactions with states and international law is a growing area of study. This area of study includes the review of ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability of international organizations through institutional reform.