On May 29, 2020, China’s National People’s Congress (NPC) released a decision that builds on the Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions’ (HKSAR) pre-existing obligations under the Basic Law and is intended to increase national security in Hong Kong. The decision stipulates that, in addition to “complet[ing] the national security legislation stipulated in the Basic Law . . . at an earlier date,” the HKSAR must “effectively prevent, stop and punish acts and activities endangering national security.” The decision also includes measures intended to increase oversight of the HKSAR’s actions to this effect by the Chinese government; it reiterates the NPC Standing Committee’s role in overseeing and addressing security issues in the HKSAR, notes that “[w]hen needed, relevant national security organs of the Central People's Government will set up agencies in the HKSAR,” and includes an obligation of the HKSAR chief executive to produce regular reports for review by the Central People’s Government. A JURIST article notes that “[t]his decision follows decades of social unrest and street violence . . . in Hong Kong.”