On May 2, 2014, the Constitutional Court of Colombia ruled (Spanish only) that the Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua v. Colombia) judgment by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) could not take effect without a treaty between Colombia and Nicaragua. According to a news article, in the judgment, rendered in November 2012, the ICJ “reduced the area of ocean that belonged to Colombia around its cluster of Caribbean islands, determining that a section of their maritime shelf belonged to Nicaragua.”  According to the article, the Constitutional Court’s ruling “upholds the position taken by Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos, who said the Hague-based ICJ’s decision was not applicable according to Colombia’s constitution without such a treaty.”