Topic 1

Introduction

Stimulated by allegations made in an Italian television documentary,[1] a worldwide controversy has developed concerning the use of white phosphorus (WP) munitions by U.S. military forces during the assault on Fallujah, Iraq in November 2004. An important part of the controversy involves accusations that the use of WP munitions in Fallujah violated international law. This Insight examines the international legal aspects of the use of WP munitions by U.S. military forces in Iraq.

 

Background to the Controversy

 

With surprising ease, 148 countries meeting in Paris last month signed off on a new UNESCO convention to protect cultural diversity.[1]

 

Introduction

 

a. The Facts

 

On September 16, 2005, at United Nations headquarters, more than 150 Heads of State and Government adopted the 2005 World Summit Outcome document, consisting largely of a set of goals and principles for the United Nations and its members.[1] The coverage is broad, including such matters as international economic and social development, peace and collective security, human rights and the rule of law, and strengthening the United Nations. This Insight discusses only those parts of the document that relate significantly to international law.

 

Victims of hurricane Katrina are internally displaced persons, not refugees